His mother had decided to take him in when his asthma started flaring up, possibly due to a cold. But it was only when he got outside and began their trip via public transit that things got bad. The boy was one of several patients with respiratory distress that Shah saw on Monday night, many of whom were children who suffered from asthma. As the world works to find solutions to stop the climate crisis, certain impacts are already playing out and — even under a best-case scenario — are expected to get worse.
We will continue to work with all stakeholders interested in maximizing sustainable universal access. The writer is senior vice president for academic relations at Elsevier. Minutes later, the Boston Police Department confirmed the explosion in a tweet. And in a separate tweet soon after reported:. According to Topsy, a Twitter analytics company, at around p.
Around p. Even though television was the most widely-used source of information about the bombing and its aftermath, it was social media that shaped the story and the response. Young Americans in particular kept up-to-date through social media.
Pew Research Center, The Boston bombings and the manhunt that followed became the backdrop for the world to witness the transformation — for good and for bad — in news gathering and distribution, and in disaster management and crises communications caused by social media platforms and technology.
The Boston Marathon bombings were a watershed, a moment that marked forever the changed role of social media and the fully participatory public in breaking news events and coverage.
From marathon runners giving their accounts on Facebook, to law enforcement officials using Twitter to give real-time updates and asking for help identifying and capturing the suspects, to the Boston Globe converting its homepage to a live blog that pulled in Tweets from Boston authorities, news outlets and ordinary citizens — social media showed itself to be an indispensible tool with a unique role to play and contribution to make in response to a terrorist attack.
And finally, it was during the bombings the Boston Police Department set a new standard for government communications during a disaster— using social media to inform, correct inaccurate information, to lead and listen to the public conversation. From the moment the two bombs went off on Boylston Street near the end of the Boston Marathon until the eventual capture of the surviving suspect, social media played a unique and complementary role in providing immediate access to the most up-to-date information and as a platform that made it possible for the public to be actively involved in the story as fully participating partners in the identification and hunt for the suspected terrorists.
According to Sean Mussenden, a professor of digital journalism at the University of Maryland, this is the new normal for investigations. The audience is a huge active participant in these sorts of stories. The public found out in real time what was going on as soon as law enforcement did.
They were given updates throughout the event. News conferences were tweeted out and shared on Facebook as they occurred. We are the news. According to Jason Fry writing for Poynter. As soon as the bombs exploded, Marathon participants and spectators turned to cell phones and social media to share photos and observations from the site — and to let worried friends and family members know their condition and whereabouts. Bruce Mendelsohn, a marketer who was attending a party just above the site of the first explosion, tweeted and uploaded photos from the bombing.
I saw the wounds—mostly lower extremities. To help friends and families learn the fate of Marathon runners and spectators, Boston PD tweeted a number that family members looking for information related to injured individuals could call. Between the lines, But heavy cell phone use caused slow and delayed service. The Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency sent a tweet telling people to try to use text messaging instead:.
Google set up its Person Finder website in shortly after the twin bombings to make it easier to find and communicate with loved ones. The site allows users to enter the name of a person they are looking for or update information about someone who was there:. Scientists can work for years to put together a single paper, and if it is taken by a prestigious journal, it can make a career. Publicly defying a big publisher means ruling out options.
The editors of the journals, and their editorial boards, also tend to be powerful people in the community. Nobody wants to make enemies. What is crucial to understand is that academic publishing is not a free market. Researchers send papers to journals for free, because their jobs depend on it. Libraries have to subscribe, because the researchers they serve cannot work without access to the scholarly record.
Academic publishers thus have a captive work force and a captive audience. They can choose to make a decent profit, or they can choose to extract from the system as much money as they think they can get away with.
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